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Carbon project
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Plain-English guides to the main voluntary carbon market project types - how they work, how credits are calculated, and what the economics look like.

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Community · Gold Standard

Improved Cookstove Projects

How fuel-efficient cooking technology generates verified carbon credits while reducing indoor air pollution and saving women hours every week.

StandardGold Standard GS4GG
Credit yield1.5 – 3.5 tCO₂e / HH / yr
Price range£8 – 14 / tCO₂e
SDGs3, 5, 7, 13, 15
Community · Gold Standard

Safe Water & Borehole Projects

How providing clean water access eliminates the need to boil unsafe water, generating credits and dramatically improving community health outcomes.

StandardGold Standard GS4GG
Credit yield0.5 – 1.5 tCO₂e / HH / yr
Price range£10 – 15 / tCO₂e
SDGs3, 5, 6, 13
Carbon Removal · Puro.earth / Verra

Biochar Carbon Removal

How converting organic waste into stable charcoal permanently removes CO₂ from the atmosphere - and what makes biochar different from avoidance credits.

StandardPuro.earth / Verra VM0044
Credit yield2.0 – 3.0 tCO₂e / t biochar
Price range£70 – 100 / tCO₂e
SDGs2, 9, 13, 15
Nature-based · Verra VCS

REDD+ Forest Protection

How protecting threatened forests from deforestation generates carbon credits - and what the key controversies and quality indicators are for buyers.

StandardVerra VCS + CCB
Credit yield1 – 10 tCO₂e / ha / yr
Price range£5 – 15 / tCO₂e
SDGs1, 8, 13, 15
Energy · Gold Standard

Solar Energy Projects

How distributed solar power in developing countries displaces fossil fuel generation and generates verified carbon credits alongside strong energy access co-benefits.

StandardGold Standard GS4GG
Credit yield0.3 – 0.8 tCO₂e / HH / yr
Price range£6 – 12 / tCO₂e
SDGs1, 7, 8, 13
Nature-based · Verra VCS

Blue Carbon - Mangroves & Wetlands

How restoring coastal wetlands and mangrove forests generates high-quality carbon credits with exceptional biodiversity, fisheries and storm-protection co-benefits.

StandardVerra VM0033
Credit yield5 – 10 tCO₂e / ha / yr
Price range£15 – 40 / tCO₂e
SDGs13, 14, 15
Nature-based · Verra VM0047

Forestry & ARR Projects

How afforestation, reforestation and revegetation projects generate carbon credits under the new ICVCM-approved VM0047 v1.1 methodology with dynamic baselines.

StandardVerra VM0047 v1.1
Credit yield2 – 10 tCO₂e / ha / yr
Price range£10 – 30 / tCO₂e
SDGs13, 15
Project Economics · All standards

Understanding Verification Costs

A practical breakdown of VVB fees, registry charges and net revenue planning - with indicative cost ranges and break-even analysis for each project type.

CoversGS, VCS, Puro, Plan Vivo
Validation cost£8k – £40k (one-off)
Annual verification£4k – £20k / yr
Use forProject financial planning
Borehole · Safe water screening

Borehole Safe-Water Screening

How to screen borehole opportunities using household reach, baseline boiling share, uptime, fNRB and conservative deduction assumptions.

Use forBorehole calculator assumptions
CoversUptime, boiling baseline, fNRB
Best next stepMethodology and verification review
Business footprint · Planning

Business Footprint Screening

How to use a quick Scope 1, 2 and 3 estimate responsibly before a full GHG inventory or residual offset conversation.

CoversScope 1, 2 and practical Scope 3
Use forClient scoping and reduction planning
Portfolio · Buyer strategy

Offset Portfolio Planning

How to balance avoidance, removals, price, risk and co-benefits when building a buyer-facing offset portfolio.

CoversAllocation, quality, claims
Use forSales proposals and procurement planning
Net zero · Pathway planning

Net Zero Pathway Planning

How to turn a footprint baseline into staged reductions, residual emissions and a realistic offset budget.

CoversBaseline, reductions, residuals
Use forPlanning and client strategy
Embeds · Website tools

Embeddable Carbon Calculators Guide

How to use embeddable carbon calculators, impact counters and project displays on your website, client portal or investor page.

FormatOnline guide
CoversProject Map, Impact Counter, calculator embeds
Use forWebsite embeds and public demos
Best next stepEmbed docs + live previews

Model any of these project types

Use The Carbon Workbench tools to run feasibility numbers, then offer embeddable calculators and displays on your own website when you are ready.

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